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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma  Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Civil Engineering

Subject Code : DI04006061

Course / Subject Name:  Irrigation Engineering

w. e. f. Academic Year:

2025-26

Semester:

4th

Category of the Course:

Professional Elective - I

| Prerequisite:   | Basic knowledge of fluid mechanics, surveying, soil mechanics, and mathematics.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Rationale:      | Irrigation Engineering equips students with the knowledge and skills to manage  water resources efficiently for agriculture and infrastructure.  In addition to crop  water  requirements,  soil-water-plant  relationships,  and  techniques  to  increase  irrigation  efficiency,  the  course  covers  basic  concepts,  historical  development,  and types of irrigation projects. Students learn irrigation canals, regulating works,  cross-drainage  structures,  dam  and  reservoir  planning  and  design,  and  various  irrigation systems and techniques.  Hands-on understanding is improved through  practical  sessions  that  include  field  visits,  numerical  problems,  layouts,  and  sketches. In order to prepare students to effectively analyze and resolve real-world  water  management  challenges,  the  course  also  covers  water  logging  and  reclamation techniques. |

## Course Outcome:

After Completion of the Course, the Student will able to:

|   No | Course Outcomes                                                                                                 | RBT Level   |
|------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|
|   01 | Recall and explain the fundamental concepts and scope of irrigation.                                            | R & U       |
|   02 | Understand and recall the water requirements of crops and the basic soil-water- plant relationships.            | R, U & A    |
|   03 | Apply, analyze, and recall knowledge of different irrigation systems and methods  to solve practical problems.  | R, U & A    |
|   04 | Analyze and interpret the planning and design aspects of dams and reservoirs.                                   | U & A       |
|   05 | Demonstrate understanding, recall, and application of canals, regulating works,  and cross-drainage structures. | R, U & A    |
|   06 | Identify  water  logging  problems  and  propose  appropriate  reclamation  and  drainage measures.             | U & A       |

*Revised Bloom's Taxonomy (RBT)

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma  Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Civil Engineering

Subject Code : DI04006061

Course / Subject Name:  Irrigation Engineering

## Teaching and Examination Scheme:

| Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Total  Credits  L+T+  (PR/2)   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Total   |
|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|---------|
| L                             | T                             | PR                            | C                              | Theory                         | Theory                         | Tutorial / Practical           | Tutorial / Practical           | Marks   |
|                               |                               |                               |                                | ESE (E)                        | PA (M)                         | PA (I)                         | ESE (V)                        |         |
| 03                            | 00                            | 02                            | 04                             | 70                             | 30                             | 20                             | 30                             | 150     |

## Course Content:

|   Unit  No. | Content                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |   No. of  Hours |   % of  Weight age |
|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|--------------------|
|           1 | Introduction to Irrigation  Definition,  Necessity  of  Irrigation,  Scope,  Advantages  and  Disadvantages,  purpose  of  irrigation,  Historical  development  of  irrigation in India, Classification of Irrigation Projects, Assessment of  charges for irrigation water                                                                                                                                                |              05 |                 10 |
|           2 | Water Requirement of Crops  Principal Indian crops and their water requirements, cropping seasons  in  India,  Basic  Soil-water-plant  relationship,  frequency  of  irrigation,  Irrigation  Efficiency,  factors  affecting  consumptive  use  of  water,  Command Areas,  Definitions:  Duty,  Delta,  Base  Period  and  relation  between them. Factors affecting Duty, Methods for improving Duty                    |              09 |                 20 |
|           3 | Irrigation System and Method of Irrigation  Irrigation  System:  Types  of  irrigation  systems,  Gravity  and  Lift  Irrigation,  Well  and  Tube  well  irrigation,  Sewage  irrigation  and  Supplemental Irrigation   Methods of irrigation:   Sub-surface irrigation  and Surface irrigation,  Sprinkler,  Buried  irrigation,  Drip  irrigation,  layout,  component  parts,  Advantages, precautions and maintenance |              09 |                 20 |
|           4 | Dams and Reservoirs Planning  Dams Planning:  Introduction, Selection of dam site, Types of dams,  Selection  of  type  of  dams  and  its  classification,  factors  affecting  selection of particular type of dam  Reservoirs  Planning: Purpose  and  Classification  of  reservoirs,  Selection of site for reservoir, Storage zones, Reservoir sedimentation  and its control, Reservoir losses, life of reservoir    |              07 |                 15 |
|           5 | Irrigation Canals and Regulating & Cross Drainage works:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |              09 |                 20 |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma  Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Civil Engineering

Subject Code : DI04006061

Course / Subject Name:  Irrigation Engineering

|    | Irrigation  Canals:  Types  of  canals,  Distribution  system,  Loss  of  water  in  canals,  Different  components  of  irrigation  canals  and  their  functions,  Different  canal  cross  sections,  Classification  of  canals  according  to  their  alignment,  Canal  lining-advantages  and  disadvantages  Regulating & Cross Drainage works:  Canal falls, Various types of  Cross-drainage works and their necessity, Head and Cross Regulator,  Canal escapes, Silt extractor, Types of irrigation outlets   |    |     |
|----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|-----|
| 6  | Water logging: Reclamation and Drainage  Introduction, Causes and effects of water logging, Anti-water logging  measures, Land reclamation                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 06 |  15 |
|    | Total                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 45 | 100 |

## Suggested Specification Table with Marks (Theory): (in %)

| Unit No.   | Unit Title                                               | Teaching  Hours   | Distribution of Theory marks   | Distribution of Theory marks   | Distribution of Theory marks   | Distribution of Theory marks   |
|------------|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| Unit No.   | Unit Title                                               | Teaching  Hours   | R Level                        | U Level                        | A Level                        | Total                          |
| 1          | Introduction to Irrigation                               | 05                | 03                             | 04                             | ---                            | 07                             |
| 2          | Water Requirement of Crops                               | 09                | 03                             | 04                             | 07                             | 14                             |
| 3          | Irrigation  System  and  Method  of  Irrigation          | 09                | 03                             | 04                             | 07                             | 14                             |
| 4          | Dams and Reservoirs Planning                             | 07                | ---                            | 03                             | 07                             | 10                             |
| 5          | Irrigation Canals and Regulating &  Cross Drainage works | 09                | 03                             | 04                             | 07                             | 14                             |
| 6          | Waterlogging:  Reclamation  and  Drainage                | 06                | ---                            | 04                             | 07                             | 11                             |
|            | Total                                                    | 45                | 12                             | 23                             | 35                             | 70                             |

## Distribution of Theory Marks (in %)

|   R Level |   U Level |   A Level | N Level   | E Level   | C Level   |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
|        17 |        33 |        50 | -         | -         | -         |

Where R: Remember; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C: Create (as per Revised Bloom's Taxonomy)

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma  Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Civil Engineering

Subject Code : DI04006061

Course / Subject Name:  Irrigation Engineering

## References/Suggested Learning Resources: (a) Books:

|   S.  No. | Title of Book                                                                         | Author                             | Publication with place, year, and ISBN                                           |
|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|         1 | Elementary  Irrigation  Engineering                                                   | G.L. Asawa                         | New  Age  International,  1999.  ISBN  8122412025                                |
|         2 | Irrigation Engineering                                                                | S. K. Mazumder                     | Galgotia  Publications  Pvt.  Ltd.,  New  Delhi, 2008. ISBN 8175155353           |
|         3 | Irrigation Engineering                                                                | N. N. Basak                        | Tata  McGraw-Hill  Publishing  Company  Limited, New Delhi. ISBN 0-07-463538- 7  |
|         4 | Irrigation  Engineering  and  Hydraulic Structures                                    | S. K. Garg                         | Khanna Publishers, Delhi  ISBN: 81-7409-047-9                                    |
|         5 | Irrigation,  Water  Resources,  and Water Power Engg.                                 | Dr. P.N. Modi                      | Standard Book House,   Delhi. ISBN: 9788189401290, 2008                          |
|         6 | Irrigation  Engineering  (Including Hydrology)                                        | R.  K.  Sharma  and  T.  K. Sharma | S  Chand  Publishing,  S  Chand  and  Company  Limited,  2008.  ISBN  8121921287 |
|         7 | Irrigation  Engineering:  Theory and Practices                                        | Balram Panigrahi                   | New  India  Publishing  Agency,  2021.  ISBN 9390175135                          |
|         8 | Irrigation  Engineering: Principles,  Processes,  Procedures,  Design, and Management | Vijay P. Singh, Qiong  Su          | Cambridge University Press, 2022. ISBN  1316511227                               |
|         9 | Irrigation  theory  and  practice                                                     | A.M. Mitchel                       | Vikas Pub. House Pvt. Ltd, Delhi.   ISBN: 9780706924848, 2008                    |

## (b) Open-source software and website:

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/126105010

## Suggested Course Practical List:

|   Exp .No. | List of Practical                                                            |   Unit  No. |   Approx  Hrs.  required | Type      |
|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|--------------------------|-----------|
|          1 | Estimation of irrigation water charges for a small command area              |           1 |                        2 | Numerical |
|          2 | Measurement of duty of crops                                                 |           2 |                        2 | Numerical |
|          3 | Measurement of delta and base period of crops                                |           2 |                        2 | Numerical |
|          4 | Determination of crop water requirement using soil-water-plant  relationship |           2 |                        2 | Numerical |
|          5 | Study of different irrigation methods (surface, sprinkler, drip)             |           3 |                        2 | Sketches  |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma  Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Civil Engineering

Subject Code : DI04006061

Course / Subject Name:  Irrigation Engineering

| 6   | Preparation of layout for a simple drip irrigation system                              | 3     |   2 | Sketches   |
|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-----|------------|
| 7   | Comparative study of lift irrigation and well/tube well irrigation                     | 3     |   2 | Visit      |
| 8   | Study of dam planning parameters (site selection, types, storage  zones)               | 4     |   2 | Sketches   |
| 9   | Study  of  reservoir  planning  parameters  (storage  zones,  losses,  sedimentation)  | 4     |   2 | Sketches   |
| 10  | Mini-project:  Design  of  a  small  irrigation  system  (layout  +  method selection) | 3,5   |   2 | Sketches   |
| 11  | Analysis of canal cross-sections and calculation of discharge                          | 5     |   2 | Numerical  |
| 12  | Visit/Study of a small irrigation canal and its components                             | 5     |   2 | Visit      |
| 13  | Identification of water logging problem areas                                          | 6     |   2 | Sketches   |
| 14  | Suggestion of reclamation and drainage measures                                        | 6     |   2 | Seminar    |
|     |                                                                                        | Total |  28 |            |

## List of Laboratory/Learning Resources Required:

|   Sr.  No. | Equipment Name                                         | Experiment No.   |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------|
|          1 | Computing Devices                                      | 1,2,3,4,11       |
|          2 | Drawing Instruments                                    | 5,6,8,9,10,13    |
|          3 | Seminar and presentation materials (projector, boards) | 14               |

## Note

- i. More Practical Exercises the industry-relevant skills/outcomes to match the COs. The above table is only a suggestive list .
- ii. The following are some sample depending on the course) that occur in the above-listed Practical  Exercises which are embedded in the COs and ultimately the competency.

can be designed and offered by the respective course teacher to develop 'Process' and 'Product' related skills (more may be added/deleted of  this  course  required

|   S. No | Sample Performance Indicators (PrOs)                                               |   Weight age (%) |
|---------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|
|       1 | Ability to explain basic concepts, history, and types of irrigation                |               10 |
|       2 | Accuracy in calculating crop water requirements, duty, delta, and base  period     |               15 |
|       3 | Skill in applying different irrigation systems and methods in practical  exercises |               15 |
|       4 | Understanding of planning and design of dams and reservoirs                        |               15 |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma  Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Civil Engineering

Subject Code : DI04006061

Course / Subject Name:  Irrigation Engineering

|   5 | Competence in analyzing canals, cross-drainage works, and regulating  structures            |   15 |
|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|
|   6 | Identification  and  suggestion  of  solutions  for  water  logging  and  drainage problems |   10 |
|   7 | Quality of sketches, layouts, and numerical solutions in practical's                        |   10 |
|   8 | Active participation in field visits, mini-projects, and seminars                           |   10 |

## Suggested Project List:

1. Model Making: Prepare small working models of irrigation methods such as drip and sprinkler systems.
2. Case Study: Collect data on a nearby irrigation project/dam and prepare a brief report.
3. Field Visit Report: Visit an irrigation canal, lift irrigation scheme, or reservoir and document observations.
4. Mini Project: Design a simple layout of an irrigation system for a given command area.
5. Numerical Assignments: Solve problems on duty, delta, base period, irrigation efficiency, and canal discharge.
6. Poster/Chart  Preparation:  Prepare  posters  showing  types  of  dams,  reservoirs,  or  irrigation methods.
7. Seminar/Presentation: Present on topics like water logging, canal lining, or modern irrigation techniques.
8. Survey  of  Crops:  Collect  information  on  local  crops  and  their  water  requirements  during different seasons.
9. Group  Discussion:  Discuss  advantages  and  disadvantages  of  different  irrigation  systems  in Indian conditions.
10. Learning Diary: Maintain a diary/logbook of all practicals, visits, and activities with reflections.

## Suggested Activities for Students:

- (A) Visit a nearby canal, dam, or irrigation project to observe water distribution, canal components, and operation of regulators.
- (B) Conduct  a  survey  of  local  farms  to  study  the  irrigation  methods  used  and  report  on  their efficiency and advantages.
- (C) Organize and deliver a seminar or group discussion on the historical development of irrigation in India or modern irrigation techniques.
- (D) Visit  a  waterlogged  area  to  investigate  the  causes,  observe  the  effects  on  crops,  and  discuss reclamation and drainage measures with peers.

* * * * * * *