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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI05000211 Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

w. e. f. Academic Year:

2026-27

Semester:

5 th

Category of the Course:

PEC-04

Prerequisite:

Basic  concepts  of  Electrical  &amp;  Electronics  (Analog  &amp;  Digital)  Engineering, Understanding of C Programming language, Basics of Microprocessors and Microcontrollers.

Rationale:

Digital Signal Controllers (DSC) and their role in modern electrical engineering applications.  As  power electronics,  motor drives,  and  renewable energy  systems continue to grow, the need for efficient real-time control has become essential, with 32-bit controllers like STM32 and TI C2000 playing a key role. The course covers hardware architecture, embedded C programming, real-time control techniques, and peripheral interfacing, along with practical applications in converters, inverters, and motor control. It also introduces advanced topics such as PLL and FPGA for high- speed  and  synchronized  systems.  Overall,  the  course  bridges  the  gap  between theoretical knowledge and practical implementation, preparing students for careers in power electronics, embedded systems, automation, and renewable energy.

## Course Outcome:

After Completion of the Course, Student will able to:

|   No | Course Outcomes                                                                                                                             | RBT Level   |
|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|
|   01 | Differentiate the architecture and features of Digital Signal Controllers (DSC) and  32-bit controllers                                     | U           |
|   02 | Develop  embedded  C  programs  using  control  structures,  interrupts,  and  peripheral interfacing techniques.                           | A           |
|   03 | Apply  Digital  Signal  Controllers  in  power  electronics,  motor  control,  and  renewable energy systems and analyze their performance. | A           |
|   04 | Implement STM32 and TI controller-based systems for PWM generation, ADC  interfacing, and real-time control applications.                   | A           |
|   05 | Explain advanced concepts such as PLL and FPGA and their applications in high- speed and synchronized systems.                              | U           |

*Revised Bloom's Taxonomy (RBT)

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI05000211 Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

## Teaching and Examination Scheme:

| Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Total Credits  L+T+ (PR/2)   | Total Credits  L+T+ (PR/2)   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Assessment Pattern and Marks   | Total   |
|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|---------|
| L                             | T                             | PR                            | C                            | Theory                       | Theory                         | Tutorial /  Practical          | Tutorial /  Practical          | Marks   |
| L                             | T                             | PR                            | C                            | ESE (E)                      | PA(M)                          | PA(I)                          | ESE (V)                        | Marks   |
| 3                             | 0                             | 2                             | 4                            | 70                           | 30                             | 30                             | 20                             | 150     |

## Course Content:

|   Unit  No. | Content                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |   No. of  Hours | %  of  Weightage   |
|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|--------------------|
|           1 | Fundamentals  of  Digital  Signal  Controllers  &  Hardware  Architecture  Contents:     Introduction  to  Digital  Signal  Controllers  (DSC):  Definition  and  need  in  electrical  engineering,  Difference  between  Microcontroller,  Microprocessor  and  DSC,  Applications  in  power electronics, motor control and renewable energy.   Overview  of  32-bit  Controllers:  Need  for  32-bit  controllers,  Introduction to STM32 and TI C2000.   Hardware Architecture of DSC: Block diagram of DSC, CPU  components (ALU, Control Unit, Registers), Harvard vs Von- Neumann architecture, Clock system and performance.   On-Chip  Peripherals:  GPIO,  Timers,  ADC,  DAC,  Communication peripherals (UART, SPI, I2C).   Memory  System  and  Registers:  Flash,  SRAM,  EEPROM,  Special Function Registers (SFR), Register-level programming.   Interrupt  Processing:  Concept  and  types  (External,  Timer,  ADC), Interrupt priority and vector table, Basic interrupt flow. |              12 | 27%                |
|           2 | Embedded C Programming for 32-bit Controllers  Contents:   Introduction to Embedded C: Difference between C and  Embedded C, Structure of embedded program, Header files and  libraries.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |              10 | 22 %               |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI05000211 Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

|    |  Development Environment (IDE): Introduction to  STM32CubeIDE, Compilation and flashing, Project creation  steps.   Variables, Data Types and Registers: Embedded data types,  Use of volatile keyword, Register mapping and addressing.   Control Structures and Functions: Loops (for, while),  Conditional statements, Functions and modular programming.   Interrupt Programming in C: Writing ISR, Enabling and  disabling interrupts, Practical examples.   Peripheral Programming: GPIO (LED, switch), Timer (delay,  PWM), ADC (sensor reading), DAC basics.   Communication Protocols: UART, SPI, I2C, Basic program  examples.   Debugging Techniques: Software debugging (breakpoints,  watch variables), Hardware debugging, Common errors and  troubleshooting.   |    |      |
|----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|------|
|  3 | Applications of Digital Signal Controllers   Contents:    DSC in Power Electronics: DC-DC converters (Buck, Boost),  Inverters (Single-phase, Three-phase).   Motor Control Applications: Speed control of DC motor,  Basics of induction motor control.   Renewable Energy Applications: Solar MPPT control, Grid- connected inverter systems.   Control Techniques: Open-loop control, Closed-loop control,  Introduction to PID controller.   Real-Time Implementation Challenges: Sampling time,  Switching frequency, Noise and filtering issues.                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | 08 | 18 % |
|  4 | STM32 and TI Controller Practical Concepts   Contents:    Introduction to STM32 Controllers: Features and pin  configuration, GPIO configuration.   STM32 Programming Basics: Digital I/O, Timer-based delay,  PWM generation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 10 | 22 % |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI05000211 Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

|    |  STM32 in Power Electronics: PWM for converters (Buck,  Boost, Inverter), ADC for voltage/current sensing.   Introduction to TI Controllers: TI C2000 series overview,  Comparison with STM32, Advantages in real-time control.   Basic TI Controller Concepts: High-speed PWM modules,  ADC synchronization, Control loop basics.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |    |      |
|----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|------|
| 5. | Introduction to PLL and FPGA   Contents:   Phase  Locked  Loop  (PLL):  Basic  concept,  Block  diagram  (Phase detector, Loop filter, VCO), Applications (Frequency and  grid synchronization).   Introduction to FPGA: Concept of FPGA, Difference between  Microcontroller  and  FPGA,  Architecture  (Logic  blocks,  interconnections, I/O).   FPGA  vs  DSC:  Speed  comparison,  Parallel  vs  sequential  processing, Advantages and limitations.   Basic FPGA Applications: PWM generation, Signal processing,  High-speed control systems. |  5 | 11 % |
|    | Total                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 45 | 100  |

## Suggested Specification Table with Marks (Theory):

## Distribution of Theory Marks (in %)

| R Level   | U Level   | A Level   | N Level   | E Level   | C Level   |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| 25 %      | 35 %      | 40 %      | -         | -         | -         |

Where R: Remember; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C: Create (as per Revised Bloom's Taxonomy)

## References/Suggested Learning Resources:

## (a) Books:

1. Embedded  Systems  with  ARM  Cortex-M  Microcontrollers  and  Assembly  Language Programming Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Sarmad Naimi, Sepehr Naimi, Edition: First Edition (2017), ISBN: 978-0997925944, Publisher: MicroDigitalEd

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI05000211 Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

2. Embedded Systems: Real-Time Interfacing to ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers - Jonathan W. Valvano, Edition: Third Edition (2014), ISBN: 978-1463590154, Publisher: CreateSpace
3. Microprocessor  Architecture,  Programming  and  Applications  with  8085 -  Ramesh  S. Gaonkar,  Edition:  Sixth  Edition  (2013),  ISBN:  978-8131705858,  Publisher:  McGraw  Hill Education
4. Digital  Signal  Processing:  Principles,  Algorithms  and  Applications -  John  G.  Proakis, Dimitris  G.  Manolakis,  Edition:  Fourth  Edition  (2006),  ISBN:  978-0131873742,  Publisher: Pearson
5. The Definitive Guide to ARM Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4 Processors - Joseph Yiu, Edition: Third Edition (2013), ISBN: 978-0124080829, Publisher: Elsevier
6. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives -  Bimal K. Bose, Edition: First Edition (2002), ISBN: 978-0130167439, Publisher: Prentice Hall
7. Fundamentals of Analog and Digital Electronic Circuits -  Bahaa  E.  A.  Saleh,  Malvin  C. Teich, Edition: Second Edition (2009), ISBN: 978-0471714484, Publisher: Wiley

## (b) Open-source software and website:

1. Texas  Instruments  -  C2000  Series  Documentation  and  Development  Tools -  Publisher: Texas Instruments, Available at: https://www.ti.com
2. NPTEL  -  Courses  on  Embedded  Systems,  Power  Electronics  and  Control  Systems -Organization: NPTEL, Available at: https://nptel.ac.in
3. STM32CubeIDE  -  Integrated  Development  Environment  for  STM32  Programming -Software by STMicroelectronics
4. Code  Composer  Studio  -  Development  Tool  for  TI  Controllers -  Software  by  Texas Instruments
5. MATLAB / Simulink - Simulation of Control Systems and Power Electronics - Software by MathWorks
6. Xilinx Vivado - FPGA Design and Implementation Tool - Software by Xilinx

## Suggested Course Practical List:

|   Sr.  No. | Practical Outcome/Title of Experiment                                                                                   | CO1   | CO2   | CO3   | CO4   | CO5   |
|------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|
|          1 | To study and understand the architecture, features, and  development  environment  of  STM32  /  TI  C2000  controller. | √     |       |       |       |       |
|          2 | To implement LED blinking using GPIO interfacing on  STM32 / TI C2000 controller.                                       |       | √     |       |       |       |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering

Level: Diploma

## Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy

Subject Code:

DI05000211

Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

|   3 | To  interface  a  push  button,  switch  with  LED  and  control its operation using GPIO on STM32 / TI C2000  controller.               | √   |    |    |
|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|----|----|
|   4 | To generate accurate time delay using timer module of  STM32 / TI controller                                                             | √   |    |    |
|   5 | To  implement  external  interrupt  using  push  button  input and observe interrupt handlingusingSTM32 / TI  C2000 controller.          | √   |    |    |
|   6 | To implement timer-based interrupt for periodic event  control                                                                           | √   |    |    |
|   7 | To  generate  PWM  signal  using  timer  and  vary  duty  cycle  for  control  applicationsSTM32  /  TI  C2000  controller.              |     | √  | √  |
|   8 | To interface  Analog  to  Digital  Converter  (ADC)  for  reading  analog  input  signalusingSTM32  /  TI  C2000  controller.            |     | √  |    |
|   9 | To  generate  analog  output  using  Digital  to  Analog  Converter (DAC)usingSTM32 / TI C2000 controller.                               |     | √  |    |
|  10 | To  interface  sensors  (temperature/voltage/current)  using  ADC  and  analyze  readingsusingSTM32  /  TI  C2000 controller.            |     | √  |    |
|  11 | To  implement  UART  communication  for  serial  data  transmission and reception.                                                       |     | √  |    |
|  12 | To implement SPI communication protocol for high- speed data transfer.                                                                   |     | √  |    |
|  13 | To implement I2C communication protocol for multi- device interfacing.                                                                   |     | √  |    |
|  14 | To control speed of DC motor using PWM technique  any micro controller.                                                                  |     |    | √  |
|  15 | To  implement  PWM  control  for  DC-DC  Buck  converter  and  observe  output  voltage  variationusingSTM32 / TI C2000 controller.      |     |    | √  |
|  16 | To  implement  PWM  control  for  DC-DC  Boost  converter  and  analyze  voltage  gain  characteristicsusingSTM32 / TI C2000 controller. |     |    | √  |
|  17 | To  implement  single-phase  inverter  using  PWM  technique and observe output waveformusingSTM32 /  TI C2000 controller.               |     |    | √  |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering

## Level: Diploma

## Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy

## Subject Code: DI05000211

Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

|   18 | To implement closed-loop control system using basic  PID controller and analyze performanceusingSTM32 /  TI C2000 controller.   | √   |
|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|
|   19 | To  study  and  simulate  Phase  Locked  Loop  (PLL)  operation and its applications                                            | √   |
|   20 | To implement PWM generation using FPGA through  simulation or hardware demonstration.                                           | √   |

## List of Laboratory/Learning Resources Required:

|   Sr.  No. | Equipment Name with Broad Specifications                                                                                                                                                            |
|------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|          1 | STM32 Development Board  - 32-bit ARM Cortex-M (STM32F4), up to 168 MHz,  Flash: 512 KB-1 MB, SRAM: 128-256 KB, Peripherals: GPIO, ADC, DAC, UART,  SPI, I2C, USB and debugging support.            |
|          2 | TI C2000 Development Board  - 32-bit DSP controller (TMS320F28379D), High- speed PWM, fast ADC, real-time control capability, communication interfaces: SPI,  I2C, UART.                            |
|          3 | FPGA Development Board (Intel Cyclone V)  - Up to ~110K logic elements with  DSP blocks, DDR3 support, high-speed processing, interfaces: GPIO, UART, SPI,  I2C, USB (JTAG), supports VHDL/Verilog. |
|          4 | Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO)   -  Bandwidth: 50-100 MHz, ≥2 channels, ≥1  GS/s sampling rate, used for waveform and PWM signal analysis.                                                      |
|          5 | Communication  Interface  Modules   -  UART-to-USB,  SPI  and  I2C  modules,  external sensors and EEPROM.                                                                                          |
|          6 | Power Electronics Trainer Kit  - Buck, Boost and H-bridge inverter modules, PWM  control with protection circuits.                                                                                  |
|          7 | Regulated DC Power Supply  - Output: 0-30V adjustable, current: 2-5 A, overload  and short-circuit protection.                                                                                      |
|          8 | Function Generator -  Frequency range: 1 Hz - 1 MHz, outputs: sine, square and  triangle waves, adjustable amplitude and duty cycle.                                                                |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI05000211 Subject Name: Digital Signal Controller

## Suggested Project List:

1. Implement closed-loop control (basic PID simulation or hardware).
2. Demonstrate ADC-based voltage/current sensing system.
3. Study and simulate PLL operation (software or MATLAB/Simulink).
4. Study basic FPGA implementation for PWM generation (simulation/demo).
5. Mini Project: Develop a real-time embedded system (e.g., motor control / converter control).

## Suggested Activities for Students:

Other than the classroom and laboratory learning, following are the suggested student-related cocurricular activities  which  can  be  undertaken  to  accelerate  the  attainment  of  the  various outcomes in this course. Students should perform following activities in group (or individual) and prepare reports of about 5 pages for each activity. They should also collect/record physical evidence for their (student's) portfolio which may be useful for their placement interviews:

1. Perform hands-on programming using STM32 / TI controllers for real-time applications.
2. Develop mini projects related to power electronics (converter/inverter control) and motor control.
3. Conduct simulation studies of DC-DC converters, inverters, and control techniques using tools like MATLAB/Simulink.
4. Practice embedded C programming for peripheral interfacing (GPIO, ADC, PWM, UART, SPI, I2C).
5. Participate in technical workshops / webinars on embedded systems, FPGA, and real-time control.
6. Analyze case studies on renewable energy systems such as solar MPPT and grid-connected inverters.
7. Implement closed-loop control systems (basic PID controller) in simulation or hardware.
8. Explore debugging techniques using  IDE tools (breakpoints, watch variables, debugging hardware).
9. Work on team-based projects to develop problem-solving and collaborative skills.
10. Prepare  and  present technical  seminars on  advanced  topics  like  PLL,  FPGA,  and  DSC applications.
11. Engage  in self-learning through  online  platforms,  datasheets,  and  reference  manuals  of STM32 and TI controllers.

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