| GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING - SEMESTER 4 - EXAMINATION - SUMMER 2026                                     | GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING - SEMESTER 4 - EXAMINATION - SUMMER 2026                                     | GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING - SEMESTER 4 - EXAMINATION - SUMMER 2026                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING - SEMESTER 4 - EXAMINATION - SUMMER 2026   |
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| Subject Code: DI04000311                                                                                                             | Subject Code: DI04000311                                                                                                             | Subject Code: DI04000311                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Date: 21/05/2026                                                                                   |
| Subject Name: Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence                                                                                | Subject Name: Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence                                                                                | Subject Name: Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    |
| Time: 10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM                                                                                                           | Time: 10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM                                                                                                           | Time: 10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Total Marks: 70                                                                                    |
| Instructions :                                                                                                                       | Instructions :                                                                                                                       | Instructions :                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |                                                                                                    |
| 1. Attempt all questions.                                                                                                            | 1. Attempt all questions.                                                                                                            | 1. Attempt all questions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                    |
| 2. MakeSuitable assumptions wherever necessary                                                                                       | 2. MakeSuitable assumptions wherever necessary                                                                                       | 2. MakeSuitable assumptions wherever necessary                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |                                                                                                    |
| 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of simple calculators and non-programmable scientific calculators are permitted. | 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of simple calculators and non-programmable scientific calculators are permitted. | 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of simple calculators and non-programmable scientific calculators are permitted.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                                                    |
| 5. English version is authentic.                                                                                                     | 5. English version is authentic.                                                                                                     | 5. English version is authentic.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |                                                                                                    |
| Q.1                                                                                                                                  | (a)                                                                                                                                  | Define Artificial Intelligence and list any four areas of AI.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 03                                                                                                 |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૧                                                | ( અ )                                                                                                                                | આGLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> ટGLYPH<c=4,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>GLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ફિશયલ ઇGLYPH<c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ટGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>GLYPH<c=14,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>લ જ GLYPH<c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>સ ન ે  GLYPH<c=19,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય ા GLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય ા િય ત   કરો  અ ન ે  AI  ન ા   કોઈ પ ણ   ચ ા ર  ! ે" ોન ી   ય ાદ % બનાવો. | ૦૩                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | (b)                                                                                                                                  | Describe the concept of Generative AI and Agentive AI with examples.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 04                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | ( બ )                                                                                                                                | ઉદાહરણો સાથે Generative AI અને Agentive AI ના GLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>યાલ5 ું  વણ8ન કરો.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | ૦૪                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | (c)                                                                                                                                  | Discuss the history and evolution of AI along with its major advantages and disadvantages.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 07                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | ( ક )                                                                                                                                | AI ના ઇિતહાસ અને ઉ9:ાંિતની સાથે તેના ;ુGLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય ફાયદા અને ગેરફાયદાની ચચા8 કરો. અથવા                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | ૦૭                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | (c)                                                                                                                                  | List the applications of AI in real-world contexts and explain any two in detail.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 07                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | ( ક )                                                                                                                                | વા=તિવક >ુ િનયામાં AI ના ઉપયોગોની યાદ% બનાવો અને કોઈપણ બે િવગતવાર સમ@વો.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | ૦૭                                                                                                 |
| Q.2                                                                                                                                  | (a)                                                                                                                                  | Differentiate between Weak AI and Strong AI.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | 03                                                                                                 |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૨                                                | ( અ )                                                                                                                                | Weak AI અને Strong AI વEચે તફાવત આપો.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | ૦૩                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | (b)                                                                                                                                  | Explain the characteristics and steps involved in AI problem-solving.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 04                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | ( બ )                                                                                                                                | AI સમ=યા-ઉકGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>લ (Problem-solving) માં સમાિવNટ લા!GLYPH<c=14,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ણકતાઓ અને પગલાં સમ@વો.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | ૦૪                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | (c)                                                                                                                                  | Illustrate the working of Breadth-First Search (BFS) and Depth-First Search (DFS) with a diagram.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 07                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      | ( ક )                                                                                                                                | આPૃિત સાથે Breadth-First Search (BFS) અને Depth-First Search (DFS) ની                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | ૦૭                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                                                      |                                                                                                                                      | કામગીર% સમ@વો.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                    |

OR

અથવા

| Q.2                                                                                   | (a)    | Define AI Agents and list any three types of AI agents.                                                                                                                                                                             | 03     |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૨ | ( અ )  | AI Agents ને GLYPH<c=19,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>યાGLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય ા િય ત  કરો અ ને AI એજGLYPH<c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ટોન ા કોઈપણ "ણ Zકારોની યાદ% બનાવો.                                                        | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)    | Compare Uninformed Search and Informed (Heuristic) Search.                                                                                                                                                                          | 04     |
|                                                                                       | ( બ )  | Uninformed Search અને Informed (Heuristic) Search ની સરખામણી કરો.                                                                                                                                                                        | ૦૪     |
|                                                                                       | (c)    | Explain Rule-Based Systems including Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining with a simple example.                                                                                                                                  | 07     |
|                                                                                       | ( ક )  | સાદા ઉદાહરણ સાથે Forward Chaining અને Backward Chaining Rule-Based Systems સમ@વો.                                                                                                                                                          | ૦૭     |
| Q.3                                                                                   | (a)    | Distinguish between Data, Information, and Knowledge.                                                                                                                                                                               | 03     |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૩ | ( અ )  | ડGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ટા, માGLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> હત ી   અ ન ે fાન વEચેનો તફાવત =પNટ કરો.                                                                                                                   | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)    | Discuss the need and role of Knowledge Representation in AI.                                                                                                                                                                        | 04     |
|                                                                                       | ( બ )  | AI માં fાન રgૂઆત (Knowledge Representation) ની જjGLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>રયાત અને k ૂ િમકાની ચચા8 કરો.                                                                                                                              | ૦૪     |
|                                                                                       | (c)    | Explain First-Order Logic (FOL) syntax and semantics with examples of objects, predicates, and quantifiers.                                                                                                                         | 07     |
|                                                                                       | ( ક )  | Objects, predicates અને quantifiers ના ઉદાહરણો સાથે First-Order Logic (FOL) syntax અને semantics સમ@વો.                                                                                                                                     | ૦૭     |
|                                                                                       | અથવા OR | અથવા OR                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | અથવા OR |
| Q.3                                                                                   | (a)    | Briefly explain the logical representation concepts: symbols and propositions.                                                                                                                                                      | 03     |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૩ | ( અ )  | તાGLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> કGLYPH<c=4,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ક   રg ૂ આ ત ન ા   GLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય ા લ ો:  સ ંકGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> તો (symbols) અને દરખા=તો (propositions) rૂંકમાં સમ@વો. | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)    | Explain the concept of Inference and differentiate between Forward and Backward Reasoning.                                                                                                                                          | 04     |
|                                                                                       | ( બ )  | અ5ુમાન (Inference) નો GLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>યાલ સમ@વો અને Forward તથા Backward Reasoning વEચે તફાવત આપો.                                                                                                                      | ૦૪     |
|                                                                                       | (c)    | Explain Unification and the Resolution Procedure for deriving conclusions in AI.                                                                                                                                                    | 07     |
|                                                                                       | ( ક )  | AI માં તારણો કાઢવા માટGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> Unification અને Resolution Procedure સમ@વો.                                                                                                                                     | ૦૭     |
| Q.4                                                                                   | (a)    | Define Expert System and explain how it differs from traditional computer programs.                                                                                                                                                 | 03     |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૪ | ( અ )  | એtસપટ8 િસ=ટમ (Expert System) GLYPH<c=19,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>યાGLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>યાિયત કરો અને તે પરંપરાગત કોvwx ુટર Zોyામથી કGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>વ ી ર%તે અલગ છે તે સમ@વો.                                | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)    | Discuss any four applications of Expert Systems in fields like medicine, agriculture, or finance.                                                                                                                                   | 04     |

|                                                                                       | ( બ )   | દવા, Pૃિષ અથવા નાણાં |વા !ે"ોમાં એtસપટ8 િસ=ટમની કોઈપણ ચાર એ}wલકGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>શ ન ોન ી ચચા8 કરો.                   | ૦૪     |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|
|                                                                                       | (c)     | Describe the building blocks of an Expert System including Knowledge Base and Inference Engine.                       | 07     |
|                                                                                       | ( ક )   | Knowledge Base અને Inference Engine સGLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>હત એtસપટ8 િસ=ટમના GLYPH<c=14,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>બ~ડગ લોtસ5ું વણ8ન કરો.                                                                                                                       | ૦૭     |
|                                                                                       | અથવા OR  | અથવા OR                                                                                                                | અથવા OR |
| Q.4                                                                                   | (a)     | List the characteristics of a typical Expert System.                                                                  | 03     |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૪ | ( અ )   | સામાGLYPH<c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય   એ tસ પ ટ 8  િસ=ટમની લા!GLYPH<c=14,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ણકતાઓ ની યાદ% બનાવો. | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)     | Explain the challenges in acquiring expert knowledge during the development of an Expert System.                      | 04     |
|                                                                                       | ( બ )   | એtસપટ8 િસ=ટમના િવકાસ દરિમયાન િનNણાત fાન મેળવવામાં આવતા પડકારો સમ@વો.                                                                   | ૦૪     |
|                                                                                       | (c)     | Detail the development phases of an Expert System from problem identification to maintenance.                         | 07     |
|                                                                                       | ( ક )   | સમ=યાની ઓળખથી માંડ%ને @ળવણી (maintenance) ુધી એtસપટ8 િસ=ટમના િવકાસના તબાઓ િવગતવાર જણાવો.                                                                                                                       | ૦૭     |
| Q.5                                                                                   | (a)     | Define AI tools and classify them based on their importance.                                                          | 03     |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૫ | ( અ )   | AI સાધનો (tools) GLYPH<c=19,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>યાGLYPH<c=21,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular>ય ાિય ત  કરો અને તેમના મહ9વના આધારGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> તેમ5 ું  વગકરણ કરો.                                                                                                                       | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)     | Provide an overview of ChatGPT applications in content writing and programming.                                       | 04     |
|                                                                                       | ( બ )   | કGLYPH<c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> ટGLYPH<c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> GLYPH<c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> ટ  રાઇGLYPH<c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular> ટગ   અ ન ે Z ોyાિમગમા ં ChatGPT ના ઉપયોગોની ઝલક આપો.                                                                                                                       | ૦૪     |
|                                                                                       | (c)     | Discuss Netflix Recommendation System techniques: Collaborative and Content- based filtering.                         | 07     |
|                                                                                       | ( ક )   | Netflix Recommendation System ની તકનીકો: Collaborative અને Content-based filtering ની ચચા8 કરો.                              | ૦૭     |
|                                                                                       | અથવા OR  | અથવા OR                                                                                                                | અથવા OR |
| Q.5                                                                                   | (a)     | Explain the overview and applications of Canva AI.                                                                    | 03     |
| GLYPH<c=1,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> GLYPH<c=2,font=/QEBAAA+BalooBhai2Regular> ૫ | ( અ )   | Canva AI નો િવ= ૃ ત િવવરણ અને તેનો ઉપયોગ સમ@વો.                                                                                                                       | ૦૩     |
|                                                                                       | (b)     | Describe Google AI tools: Google Translate and Google Lens with their applications.                                   | 04     |
|                                                                                       | ( બ )   | Google AI સાધનો: Google Translate અને Google Lens તેમના ઉપયોગો સાથે વણ8વો.                                                      | ૦૪     |
|                                                                                       | (c)     | Explain the working of Alexa Voice Assistant focusing on NLU and response generation                                  | 07     |

- ( ક ) NLU અને GLYPH&lt;c=2,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular&gt;ર=પોGLYPH&lt;c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular&gt;સ   જ ન રGLYPH&lt;c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular&gt; શ ન   પ ર  ય ાન  કGLYPH&lt;c=13,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular&gt;GLYPH&lt;c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular&gt; ત   કર% ન ે  Alexa  વ ોઇ સ  આ િસ =ટGLYPH&lt;c=12,font=/QTBAAA+ShrutiRegular&gt;ટન ી કામગીર% સમ@વો.

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