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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

w.e.f. Academic Year:

2025-26

Semester:

4th

Categoryof theCourse:

MOPEC

Prerequisite:

Acquaintance with basic concepts of electrical  circuits,  sensors  &amp;  actuators, microcontroller fundamentals, and basic programming knowledge to implement IoT-based electrical applications.

Rationale:

"IoT  for  Electrical  Engineering"  is  a  specialized  course  that  explores  the fusion of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies with contemporary electrical systems  to  enable  intelligent  monitoring,  automation,  and  control.  It  delves into key components such as IoT architecture, sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, communication protocols, and cloud-based platforms. Students  learn  how  these  technologies  are  applied  in  areas  like  smart  grids, energy optimization, and predictive maintenance. By completing this course, learners  gain  the  expertise  to  develop  and  deploy  smart  electrical  solutions that improve  efficiency, reliability, and  sustainability across residential, commercial, and industrial infrastructures.

##  Course Outcome:

After Completion of the Course, Student will able to:

|   No | Course Outcomes                                                                                | RBT  Level   |
|------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|
|    1 | Explain the basic concepts, architecture, and components of IoT systems                        | R            |
|    2 | Identify and classify various sensors and actuators used for electrical applications.          | U            |
|    3 | Develop Arduino programs to interface sensors and actuators for data acquisition  and control. | A            |
|    4 | Compare and select suitable IoT communication protocols.                                       | U            |
|    5 | Analyze real-world IoT applications.                                                           | A            |

*Revised Bloom's Taxonomy(RBT)

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

## Teaching and Examination Scheme:

| Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | Teaching Scheme  (in Hours)   | TotalCredits  L+T+(PR/2)   | TotalCredits  L+T+(PR/2)   | AssessmentPatternandMarks   | AssessmentPatternandMarks   | AssessmentPatternandMarks   | Total  Marks   |
|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------|
| L                             | T                             | PR                            | C                          | Theory                     | Theory                      | Tutorial/ Practical         | Tutorial/ Practical         |                |
|                               |                               |                               |                            | ESE (E)                    | PA(M)                       | PA(I)                       | ESE (V)                     |                |
| 2                             | 0                             | 2                             | 3                          | 70                         | 30                          | 20                          | 30                          | 150            |

## Course Content:

|   Unit  No. | Content                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |   No.of  Hours | % of  Weightage   |
|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------|
|           1 | Introduction to IoT  (1) Definition of IoT, evolution, and scope in electrical engineering.  (2)  Key  characteristics:  connectivity,  data-driven  operation,  remote  access, real-time monitoring.  (3) IoT Architecture (4 layers): sensing, network, processing, application.  (4) IoT system components:  • Sensors/Devices (data collection)  • Gateways (communication via Wi-Fi, Zigbee, etc.)  • Cloud/Server (data storage & processing)  • User Interface (mobile app/web dashboard)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |              4 | 11%               |
|           2 | Sensors & Actuators  (1) Classification of sensors: analog, digital.  (2)  Working  principle,  Arduino  pin  type  (Analog/Digital/I2C),  and  applications of various sensor below:  • PIR Sensor (motion detection)  • LDR (light intensity)  • Ultrasonic sensor (distance measurement)  • Temperature & Humidity Sensor (DHT11/DHT22)  • Voltage Sensor (ZMPT101B)   • Current sensor (ACS712)  • Potentiometer (variable resistance input)  • Soil Moisture sensor (agriculture/irrigation systems)  (3) Actuators - working principle, control pins, and usage of:  • LED (status indication, PWM brightness)  • Servo Motor (position control)  • DC Motor (speed/rotation control with driver)  • Stepper Motor (precise step rotation)  • Relay Module (switching AC loads) |              6 | 25%               |

Page 2 of 10

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

|    | • Buzzer (alert systems)  (4)  Criteria  for  selecting  sensors  &  actuators  for  specific  electrical  applications.  (5) Practical interfacing methods and safety considerations in circuits                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |    |     |
|----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|-----|
|  3 | Programming with Arduino  (a) Arduino UNO R3  (1) Types of Arduino, Arduino UNO R3 - architecture, Pin diagram,  Function of each pin, interface with PC  (2)  ESP32  bord:  features,  built-in  Wi-Fi/Bluetooth,  comparison  with  Arduino Uno.  (b) Software requirement and Programming  (1)  Arduino  IDE:  installation,  sketch  structure,  compiling,  and  uploading   programs.  (2) Data types, constants, and operators used in Arduino programming.  (3) Control statements (if-else, switch, loops: for, while, do-while).  (4) Functions: built-in functions and user-defined functions.  (5) Common Arduino library functions:  • pinMode(), digitalRead(), digitalWrite()  • analogRead(), analogWrite()  • Serial.begin(), Serial.print(), Serial.read()  (6)  Interfacing  sensors  &  actuators  with  coding  examples  (reading  analog/digital inputs, PWM outputs).  (7) Serial communication - monitoring sensor data in real-time. | 8  | 32% |
|  4 | IoT Communication Protocols (1) Importance of communication in IoT for electrical applications.  (2) Messaging/Application Layer Protocols:  • Publish/subscribe, lightweight messaging- MQTT  (3) Transport/Physical Protocols:  • BLE (short range, low power)  • Wi-Fi (high-speed connectivity, cloud applications)  (4) Sensor Network Topologies:  • Point-to-Point (simple 1-to-1)  • Mesh (self-healing networks, ZigBee)  • Ring (loop structure)  • Star (hub-based Wi-Fi networks)  (5) Comparative study of protocols - speed, power, range, cost, and    application suitability.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | 5  | 11% |
|  5 | Applications of IoT (1) Control LED /Buzzer as per delay time set by user:   • Connect Led/Buzer to Arduino as Digital Output  • First try to ON/OFF Led/Buzer with fix delay.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |    |     |

w.e.f. 2025-26

Page 3 of 10

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

| • Then replace fix delay with variable for user control.   (2) Interfacing LDR sensor with Arduino to measure light intensity  • First Connect LDR to Arduino as Analog Input.  • Adjust Light on LDR and see variation in value on serial monitor  (3) Smart Temperature & Humidity Monitor  • Reads temperature & humidity using Arduino + DHT11 sensor  (4)  Interfacing  Voltage  sensor  with  Arduino  for  monitoring  supply  voltage  • Connect  voltage  sensor  to  Arduino  as  Analog  Input.  (ZMPT101B)  • Regulate  voltage  across  sensor  and  see  variation  in  value  on  serial monitor  • Scale to real voltage value and display it on LCD  (5) IoT-Based Smart Light Control  • Use Arduino + Relay Module + ESP8266 + Bulb,   • Control home lights through a mobile app or web interface using  Wi-Fi.  (6) Smart Irrigation System (IoT)  • Use  Arduino  +  Soil  Moisture  Sensor  +  Relay  +  Pump  +  ESP8266  • Monitors  soil  moisture  and  turns  pump  ON  automatically  →  Sends live status and control to mobile.  (7) Smart Parking System • Use Arduino + Ultrasonic Sensor + buzzer  • Detects  parking  space  availability  and  updates  it  on  a  display  mounted outside of parking.  Prepare  detailed  Case  studies  on  (above  application  1  to  7)  including  hardware and sensor selection, connection layout, Arduino pin mapping,  code explanation, results and benefits.   |   7 | 21%   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|-------|
| Total                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |  30 | 100 % |

##  SuggestedSpecificationTablewithMarks (Theory):

## Distribution of Theory Marks (in%)

| R Level   | U Level   | A Level   | N Level   | E Level   | C Level   |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| 25%       | 35 %      | 40 %      | -         | -         | -         |

WhereR: Remember; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C: Create (asper Revised Bloom's Taxonomy)

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

## References/Suggested Learning Resources:

## (a) Books:

|   Sr.  No. | Title of Book                                                              | Author(s)                                                                      | Publication (Place)               | Year             | ISBN                |
|------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|------------------|---------------------|
|          1 | Internet of Things:  Principles and  Paradigms                             | Rajkumar  Buyya, Amir  Vahid Dastjerdi                                         | Elsevier, USA                     | 2016             | 978-0-12- 805395-9  |
|          2 | Internet of Things:  Architecture and  Applications                        | Raj Kamal                                                                      | McGraw Hill  Education, New Delhi | 2017             | 978-93- 5260-841-4  |
|          3 | Getting Started with  the Internet of Things                               | Cuno Pfister                                                                   | O'Reilly Media,  California       | 2011             | 978-1-4493- 9357-1  |
|          4 | Power Electronics for  IoT-Enabled Smart  Grids and Industrial  Automation | Raj Kumar  Gupta, Atul A.  Barhate, Vijay  D. Chaudhari,  Dipesh B.  Pardeshi, | Rade-Mics (Place not  stated)     | 2025             | 978- 9349552111     |
|          5 | Internet of Things  with Arduino  Cookbook                                 | Marco Schwartz                                                                 | Packt Publishing,  Birmingham     | 2016             | 978-1- 78528-658- 2 |
|          6 | Exploring Arduino:  Tools and Techniques  for Engineering  Wizardry        | Jeremy Blum                                                                    | Wiley, New Jersey                 | 2013             | 978-1-118- 54936-0  |
|          7 | Programming  Arduino: Getting  Started with Sketches                       | Simon Monk                                                                     | McGraw Hill  Education, New Delhi | 2016  (2nd  Ed.) | 978-1-259- 64567-5  |
|          8 | Mastering Internet of  Things                                              | Peter Waher                                                                    | Packt Publishing,  Birmingham     | 2018             | 978-1- 78829-295- 5 |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

## (b)Open-sourcesoftwareand website:

|   Sr.  No. | Software / Website                               | Purpose / How it Helps                                                                                                         |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|          1 | Arduino IDE (arduino.cc)                         | Open-source programming environment for Arduino Uno,  ESP8266, and ESP32. Essential for Unit-3 coding and  sensor interfacing. |
|          2 | Platform IO (platformio.org)                     | Advanced open-source IoT development platform,  integrates with VS Code. Supports Arduino, ESP32,  STM32 for larger projects.  |
|          3 | Blynk IoT Platform  (blynk.io)                   | Free cloud + mobile app builder for IoT. Perfect for Unit- 5 applications like energy monitoring dashboards.                   |
|          4 | Thing Speak  (thingspeak.com)                    | Open IoT cloud by MathWorks for data logging,  visualization, and MATLAB integration. Useful for smart  energy monitoring.     |
|          5 | Node-RED (nodered.org)                           | Open-source flow-based programming tool to connect  devices, APIs, and dashboards. Great for Unit-4  communication protocols.  |
|          6 | Tinker cad Circuits  (tinkercad.com/circuits)    | Online simulator for Arduino, sensors, and actuators.  Helps beginners practice before using real hardware.                    |
|          7 | Freeboard Dashboard  (freeboard.io)              | Open-source web dashboard for IoT visualization.  Students can plot real-time current/voltage data from  sensors.              |
|          8 | Open Energy Monitor  (openenergymonitor.org)     | Open hardware + software platform for energy  monitoring, power quality, and smart grid IoT  applications.                     |
|          9 | MQTT Broker (Eclipse  Mosquitto) (mosquitto.org) | Lightweight open-source MQTT broker. Hands-on for  Unit-4 (publish/subscribe protocol).                                        |
|         10 | Instructables IoT Projects  (instructables.com)  | Huge library of free DIY IoT tutorials (Arduino + ESP32  + sensors). Excellent for student projects (Unit-5).                  |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

## Suggested Course Practical List:

|   Sr.  No. | Practical Outcome / Title of Experiment                                                                     | CO1   | CO2   | CO3   | CO4   | CO5   |
|------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|
|          1 | Study of IoT architecture and system components  using block diagrams and case studies                      | √     |       |       |       |       |
|          2 | Familiarization with Arduino IDE and writing first  program (in built led blink)                            | √     | √     |       |       |       |
|          3 | Interfacing Motion sensor with Arduino to measure  light intensity.                                         |       | √     | √     |       |       |
|          4 | Interfacing Temperature Sensor (eg. DHT11) sensor  and displaying temperature & humidity                    |       | √     | √     |       |       |
|          5 | Interfacing PIR motion sensor with Arduino to  control LED/buzzer                                           |       | √     | √     |       |       |
|          6 | Interfacing Soil Moisture sensor and controlling  pump using relay                                          |       | √     | √     |       | √     |
|          7 | Interfacing Ultrasonic sensor for distance  measurement                                                     |       | √     | √     |       |       |
|          8 | Interfacing Current sensor (ACS712) to measure load  current                                                |       | √     | √     |       | √     |
|          9 | Interfacing Voltage sensor (ZMPT101B) with  Arduino for monitoring supply voltage                           |       | √     | √     |       | √     |
|         10 | Controlling DC motor using Arduino and motor  driver module (PWM speed control)                             |       | √     | √     |       |       |
|         11 | Controlling Servo motor using potentiometer input.                                                          |       | √     | √     |       |       |
|         12 | IoT communication using ESP8266/ESP32 with  MQTT broker                                                     |       | √     |       | √     |       |
|         13 | Sending sensor data (e.g. voltage, current, power  factor temperature) to ThingSpeak Cloud and  visualizing |       | √     |       | √     | √     |
|         14 | IoT-based home automation (controlling  LED/appliance via Blynk app)                                        |       | √     |       | √     | √     |
|         15 | IoT-based energy monitoring (voltage, current, power  factor) using ESP32 and PZEM-004T                     |       | √     | √     | √     | √     |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy

Subject Code: DI04000191

Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

|   16 | IoT-based transformer health monitoring  (temperature + current + alert)                                                    |    | √   | √   | √   | √   |
|------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|
|   17 | IoT-based solar PV monitoring system (voltage,  current, temperature → cloud)                                               |    | √   | √   | √   | √   |
|   18 | IoT-based smart streetlighting (LDR + PIR + relay)                                                                          |    | √   | √   |     | √   |
|   19 | IoT-based predictive maintenance of inductionmotor  (vibration + temperature sensors + alert)                               |    | √   | √   |     | √   |
|   20 | Mini project: Design and demonstrate a complete IoT  application (energy meter, grid load management,  smart building etc.) | √  | √   | √   | √   | √   |
|   21 | Build automatic brightness control system using  LDR, LED, Potentiometer                                                    |    | √   | √   |     | √   |
|   22 | Develop safety monitoring system using MQ-2 gas  sensor, Buzzer, LCD                                                        |    | √   | √   |     | √   |
|   23 | Interface and control DC motors using joystick                                                                              |    | √   | √   |     |     |
|   24 | Develop automated plant watering system using Soil  moisture sensor, Water pump, Relay, IoT platform                        |    | √   | √   | √   | √   |

##  ListofLaboratory/LearningResourcesRequired:

| Sr.  No.                                  | Resource / Equipment                                                         | Quantity  (Approx.)                       | Purpose / Use                                         |
|-------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
| A. Essential Resources (Minimum Required) | A. Essential Resources (Minimum Required)                                    | A. Essential Resources (Minimum Required) | A. Essential Resources (Minimum Required)             |
| 1                                         | Arduino Uno Boards (ATmega328P)                                              | 10-20                                     | Core microcontroller board  for basic IoT experiments |
| 2                                         | Breadboards & Jumper Wires                                                   | Multiple                                  | For circuit prototyping and  connections              |
| 3                                         | Basic Sensors Kit (PIR, LDR, Ultrasonic  HC-SR04, DHT11, Soil Moisture)      | 4-5 each                                  | Sensor interfacing practicals                         |
| 4                                         | Basic Actuators Kit (LEDs, Buzzer,  Relay modules, DC motors, Servo  motors) | 4-5 each                                  | Output control and  automation                        |
| 5                                         | Motor Driver Modules (L293D / L298N)                                         | 5                                         | For motor control  experiments                        |
| 6                                         | Power Supply Units (5V, 12V DC) /                                            | 5                                         | Powering Arduino boards,                              |

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

|                                                            | Adapters                                                                                                                                      |                                                            | sensors, and actuators                                               |
|------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 7                                                          | LCD Display (16x2 or 20x4, I2C based)                                                                                                         | 5                                                          | Display of sensor readings  and IoT status                           |
| 8                                                          | PCs/Laptops with Arduino IDE                                                                                                                  | 10-20                                                      | Programming and simulation                                           |
| 9                                                          | Wi-Fi Router (basic network)                                                                                                                  | 1                                                          | IoT connectivity for ESP- based boards                               |
| 10                                                         | Multimeters                                                                                                                                   | 5                                                          | Verification of voltage,  current, and electrical  parameters        |
| B. Optional / Advanced Resources (For Projects & Research) | B. Optional / Advanced Resources (For Projects & Research)                                                                                    | B. Optional / Advanced Resources (For Projects & Research) | B. Optional / Advanced Resources (For Projects & Research)           |
| 1                                                          | ESP8266 NodeMCU Boards                                                                                                                        | 5                                                          | For cloud-connected IoT  applications                                |
| 2                                                          | ESP32 Development Boards                                                                                                                      | 5                                                          | Advanced IoT with Wi-Fi +  Bluetooth                                 |
| 3                                                          | Extended Sensors Kit (Current sensor  ACS712, Voltage sensor ZMPT101B,  MPU6050 Gyro, Gas Sensor MQ-series,  Sharp IR, PT100 RTD, CT sensors) | 2 each                                                     | Electrical measurements,  power quality, and predictive  maintenance |
| 4                                                          | Stepper Motors + Drivers                                                                                                                      | 2-3                                                        | Precision control  experiments                                       |
| 5                                                          | OLED Displays (0.96'/1.3')                                                                                                                    | 2-3                                                        | Compact display for IoT  dashboards                                  |
| 6                                                          | LCD Display (16*2)                                                                                                                            | 8-10                                                       | Compact display for IoT  dashboards                                  |
| 7                                                          | Simulation Tools (Tinkercad, Proteus  IoT,Everycircuit)                                                                                       | Installed                                                  | Virtual IoT circuit building  & debugging                            |
| 8                                                          | Smart Energy Meter Demo Kit                                                                                                                   | 1                                                          | Real-world IoT energy  monitoring project                            |
| 9                                                          | Cloud Accounts (ThingSpeak, Blynk,  Node-RED, Freeboard)                                                                                      | Free  accounts                                             | IoT data logging and  visualization                                  |
| 10                                                         | Project Accessories (PCB kits,  connectors, enclosures, sensor stands)                                                                        | As required                                                | For final project  development                                       |
| 11                                                         | PC specification                                                                                                                              | 1                                                          | Minimum 4 GB RAM                                                     |

## List of activities for students:

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## GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

## Program Name: Diploma Engineering Level: Diploma

Branch: Electrical Engineering / Renewable Energy Subject Code: DI04000191 Subject Name:  Introduction to IoT

|   Sr.  No. | Activity                                                                                                                                     | Purpose / Expected Outcome  Linked COs                             |                |
|------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|
|          1 | Prepare a report on latest IoT applications in  electrical power systems (e.g., smart grid,  Motor Protection, Industry 4.0).                | Awareness of real-world  electrical IoT applications.              | CO1, CO5       |
|          2 | Develop a mini-Arduino project (e.g.,  automatic fan control using DHT11 sensor).                                                            | Hands-on  experience  in  Arduino  coding  and  actuator  control. | CO2, CO3       |
|          3 | DIY Energy Monitoring Setup: Build a small  IoT system to measure voltage & current  using ACS712 + ZMPT101B + ESP8266.                      | Exposure to IoT-based  measurement and cloud  monitoring.          | CO2, CO3,  CO5 |
|          4 | Create a dashboard on Thing Speak or Blynk  to display energy consumption data using  PZEM-004T sensor.                                      | Skill in IoT cloud  visualization.                                 | CO2, CO4       |
|          5 | Case Study Presentation: Compare IoT  communication protocols (MQTT, CoAP,  Wi-Fi, BLE) with examples.                                       | Ability to analyze and justify  protocol selection.                | CO4            |
|          6 | Simulation Activity on Tinkercad/Proteus:  Design and simulate an IoT circuit before  implementing it in hardware.                           | Safe, cost-effective design  practice.                             | CO2, CO3       |
|          7 | Prepare poster/presentation on IoT security  challenges in electrical applications.                                                          | Understanding risks in IoT- enabled power systems.                 | CO1, CO5       |
|          8 | Group Activity - Smart Street Light System:  LDR + PIR + Relay + Arduino.                                                                    | Learn teamwork, project  development, and system  integration.     | CO2, CO3,  CO5 |
|          9 | Hackathon / Mini Project Competition on  IoT-based solutions for electrical engineering  problems.                                           | Innovation and application of  IoT knowledge.                      | CO2, CO3,  CO5 |
|         10 | Field  Visit  /  Virtual  Tour:  Observe  IoT- enabled  systems  in  industry  (smart  substation,  renewable  plant,  or  smart  metering). | Exposure to industrial IoT  systems.                               | CO5            |
|         11 | Develop technical blog/video tutorial on  interfacing a sensor with Arduino.                                                                 | Improves communication  skills + peer learning.                    | CO2, CO3       |